Urinary Tract Infection: What You Should Know

Urinary tract infection is infection along the while urinary tract.

Urinary tract infection can e classified into two namely:
➡️ upper urinary tract infection
➡️ lower urinary tract infection

Major example of upper urinary tract infection is *pyelonephritis*, which an inflammation of the renal pelvic.

Example of lower urinary tract infection are cystitis(inflammation and infection of the bladder) and urethritis (inflammation of the urethra, the pipe that drains urine from the bladder)

Causes of urinary tract infection 

Major cause of urinary tract infection is by microorganisms such as the following
▶️ E. coli
▶ Enterobactet
▶️ Staphylococcus
▶️ Candida
▶ Enterococci

Risk factors to urinary tract infection 

The factors that exposed individual to urinart tract infection include the following
➡️ Old age
➡️ Female, because of the short length of urethra
➡️ Pregnancy, because of decreases urethra movement due to pressure
➡️ Spinal cord injury
➡ Tumors in the bladder or it's environment
➡️ Prostrate enlargement
➡️ Incomplete bladder emptying
➡️ Catheterization
➡️ keeping urine in bladder for
➡️ Chronic diseases like Diabetes, Gout

Signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection 

◼️ Fever and chills
◼️ Pain and tenderness around the public area
◼️ Painful urination
◼️ Frequent urination
◼️ Hematuria (blood in urine)
◼️ Frequent urination at night
◼️ Lack of urine control

Management of urinary tract infection 

▶️ Balanced diet with plenty fluid intake to dilute the urine in order to reduce irritation and prevent upward movement of bacteria
▶️ Good personal hygiene to prevent spread of infection, clean from front to back after using toilet
▶️ Antibiotics to fight microbes e.g Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin
▶️ Anticholinergic, to increase outflow of urine e.g Probatein

NOTE:

Long-term treatment is required if infection is recurrent

Follow-up care is essential to prevent complications

Wear cotton pants order than nylon or synthetic as they do not allow enough air passage and promote bacteria growth.

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